{"id":1432,"date":"2022-08-01T23:21:47","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T23:21:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/?p=1432"},"modified":"2022-08-01T23:57:28","modified_gmt":"2022-08-01T23:57:28","slug":"tropical-orb-weaver-response-to-web-disruption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/tropical-orb-weaver-response-to-web-disruption\/","title":{"rendered":"Tropical Orb Weaver Response to Web Disruption"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light\" style=\"min-height:258px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-80 has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#e4eaf0\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"164\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-1435\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-spider-banner.png\" style=\"object-position:61% 83%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"61% 83%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-spider-banner.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-spider-banner-300x64.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"261\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-1024x261.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-1024x261.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-768x196.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-1536x391.png 1536w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Odum-School-of-Ecology-logo-2048x522.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center has-foreground-color has-text-color is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\"><h2 style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400;\" class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-post-title has-system-font-font-family\">Tropical Orb Weaver Response to Web Disruption<\/h2>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Cody Whitlock and Amanda Rugenski<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading\">Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-57818f5b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:2%;padding-right:2%;padding-bottom:2%;padding-left:2%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Introduction\/Background<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Orb weaver webs are mostly 2-dimensional and suspended either vertical or horizontal. Their webs have many functions in their daily life such as catching and holding prey long enough for the spider to consume it (Soler &amp; Zaera , 2016). These spiders do this with the structure of their web by using a non sticky frame on the outside for support and then connecting it to the center. They then add spirals of sticky strands that capture the prey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spiders have been found to make webs of varying sizes in order to fit the area they are using ( Barrantes &amp; Eberhard, 2012). As a result of evolutionary processes spiders will maximize the space, they build their webs in.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Objectives &amp; Hypothesis<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Our study examined how spiders assess the quality of their web, its location, and how much consistent disruption a spider will tolerate before abandoning their web.<\/li><li>We hypothesized that spiders would react more quickly to higher levels of disturbance<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color has-foreground-border-color has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Results<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The control group had the most left at the end with 5 spiders, while the partial destruction and corn flour treatment and complete destruction had the least left with 3 each.<\/li><li>There was no significant relationship found between the treatments and reactions F(2,679)=0.028, p=0.972.<\/li><li>There was also no relationship found between the day and the percent of spiders that left F(36)=0.285, p=0.081, R<sup>2<\/sup>=3.202.<\/li><li>No relationship was found between the percent of spiders leaving and any of the weather variables.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"627\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-1024x627.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-1024x627.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-768x470.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-1536x940.png 1536w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-1-spider-response-2048x1254.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 1<\/strong>: Stacked bar graphs showing three different spider reactions (left web, rebuilt web, no reaction) to each of four treatments and a control over 14 days.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"641\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-1024x641.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-1024x641.png 1024w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-1536x961.png 1536w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-figure-2-percentage-reaction-2048x1282.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 2<\/strong>: Stacked bar graphs showing the percentage of spiders with each reaction (left web, rebuilt web, no reaction) to each treatment over the 14 days.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-57818f5b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:2%;padding-right:2%;padding-bottom:2%;padding-left:2%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Methods<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:55%\">\n<p><strong>Study Location<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our study was conducted in San Luis de Monteverde, Costa Rica. We identified 90 occupied webs in the slats of a wrap around porch. These slats formed uniform habitats where spiders consistently built their webs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Spider Genus<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Alpaida<\/em>., small orb weaving spiders.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"574\" height=\"465\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-orb-weaving-spider-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-orb-weaving-spider-1.png 574w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-C-2021-orb-weaving-spider-1-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><figcaption>small orb weaving spider<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Treatment type<\/th><th>Treatment Explanation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Control<\/td><td>Web was left fully untouched<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Partial Destruction<\/td><td>Holes poked into the web using a stick<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Corn Flour<\/td><td>Corn flour was taken and blown onto the web<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Partial and Flour<\/td><td>A combination using both the partial destruction &amp; corn flour treatments<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Complete Destruction<\/td><td>Web was fully removed from using a stick<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Experimental treatments<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"855\" height=\"856\" data-id=\"1444\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-2.png 855w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-2-768x769.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"856\" data-id=\"1443\" src=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-1.png 904w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-1-300x284.png 300w, https:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021-web-1-768x727.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Example of webs with flour and partial destruction.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Data Collection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each spider was assigned one of five treatments. We gave each web it\u2019s assigned treatment every other day during the day. We checked the webs nightly and made one of three observations. The spiders would either 1) have no reaction, 2) rebuild their web, or 3) abandon their web.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Conclusions &amp; Future Directions<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Contrary to our hypothesis not all spiders rebuilt their webs immediately if they were completely destroyed, this may be a result of a spider&#8217;s dietary needs, as they do not need to eat daily.<\/li><li>There was no difference between the control and the other treatments, this could mean spiders rebuild their webs regularly.<\/li><li>A continuation of this study could be to conduct the research in a lab to avoid other variables from affecting the results.<\/li><li>Amendments to the methods could be to perform disturbances and observations at specific times.<\/li><li>Spiders could also be videoed in order to assure that their reaction is observed.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-foreground-color has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:2px\">\n<h5 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Acknowledgements &amp; Literature Cited<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I would like to thank Ron Carroll, Kate Farrell, and Carolyn Cummins for assisting with various stages of this project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Barrantes, G., &amp; Eberhard, W. G. (2012). Extreme Behavioral Adjustments by an Orb Web Spider to Restricted Spaces: Extreme Flexibility in Web Construction Behavior in an Orb Web Spider. Ethology, 118(5), 438 449. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439 0310.2012.02029\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439 0310.2012.02029<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Soler, A., &amp; Zaera, R. (2016). The secondary frame in spider orb webs: The detail that makes the difference. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 31265. <a href=\"https:\/\/ doi.org \/10.1038\/srep31265\">https:\/\/ doi.org \/10.1038\/srep31265<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b02886af wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>Download Original PDF of Poster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-space-between is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-b2891da8 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"http:\/\/courses.ecology.uga.edu\/tropical-ecology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/2022\/08\/Whitlock-Cody-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our study examined how spiders assess the quality of their web, its location, and how much consistent disruption a spider will tolerate before abandoning their web.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":1441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"wp-custom-template-research-2","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-poster"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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